The Ten Commandments are God's moral laws given to Moses on Mount Sinai (Exodus 20). They include: 1) No other gods, 2) No idols, 3) Don't misuse God's name, 4) Keep the Sabbath, 5) Honor parents, 6) Don't murder, 7) Don't commit adultery, 8) Don't steal, 9) Don't lie, 10) Don't covet.
“And God spoke all these words, saying, 'I am the LORD your God... You shall have no other gods before me.'”
- Exodus 20:1-3
Justification is God's act of declaring sinners righteous based on Christ's work, not our own merit. When we trust in Jesus, His righteousness is credited to us and our sins to Him. We're declared 'not guilty' before God—a legal standing, not gradual transformation. It's by faith alone in Christ alone.
Sin is any thought, word, or action that falls short of God's perfect standard. The Bible describes sin as missing the mark (Romans 3:23), lawlessness (1 John 3:4), and rebellion against God. All humans have sinned and need God's forgiveness through Jesus Christ.
Moses was the prophet who led Israel out of Egyptian slavery, received the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, and guided the nation for 40 years in the wilderness. He wrote the first five books of the Bible (Torah). He was 'very meek' yet spoke with God 'face to face' (Numbers 12:3, Deuteronomy 34:10).
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Answers are informed by Scripture and trusted theologians including Matthew Henry, John Calvin, and John Wesley. Always verify with Scripture and consult your local church for pastoral guidance.